课程第16次

botang

find命令：

1. login as: root
   
2. root@192.168.0.3's password:
   
3. Last login: Mon Aug 12 22:06:41 2019 from server65.example.com
   
4. [root@desktop3 ~]# cat /etc/passwd
   
5. root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
   
6. bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin
   
7. daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin
   
8. adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin
   
9. lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin
   
10. sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync
    
11. shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown
    
12. halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt
    
13. mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin
    
14. operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin
    
15. games:x:12:100:games:/usr/games:/sbin/nologin
    
16. ftp:x:14:50:FTP User:/var/ftp:/sbin/nologin
    
17. nobody:x:99:99:Nobody:/:/sbin/nologin
    
18. systemd-network:x:192:192:systemd Network Management:/:/sbin/nologin
    
19. dbus:x:81:81:System message bus:/:/sbin/nologin
    
20. polkitd:x:999:998:User for polkitd:/:/sbin/nologin
    
21. libstoragemgmt:x:998:996:daemon account for libstoragemgmt:/var/run/lsm:/sbin/no                                                                             login
    
22. colord:x:997:995:User for colord:/var/lib/colord:/sbin/nologin
    
23. rpc:x:32:32:Rpcbind Daemon:/var/lib/rpcbind:/sbin/nologin
    
24. saslauth:x:996:76:Saslauthd user:/run/saslauthd:/sbin/nologin
    
25. abrt:x:173:173::/etc/abrt:/sbin/nologin
    
26. rtkit:x:172:172:RealtimeKit:/proc:/sbin/nologin
    
27. pulse:x:171:171:PulseAudio System Daemon:/var/run/pulse:/sbin/nologin
    
28. chrony:x:995:990::/var/lib/chrony:/sbin/nologin
    
29. radvd:x:75:75:radvd user:/:/sbin/nologin
    
30. rpcuser:x:29:29:RPC Service User:/var/lib/nfs:/sbin/nologin
    
31. nfsnobody:x:65534:65534:Anonymous NFS User:/var/lib/nfs:/sbin/nologin
    
32. unbound:x:994:989:Unbound DNS resolver:/etc/unbound:/sbin/nologin
    
33. gluster:x:993:988:GlusterFS daemons:/run/gluster:/sbin/nologin
    
34. qemu:x:107:107:qemu user:/:/sbin/nologin
    
35. tss:x:59:59:Account used by the trousers package to sandbox the tcsd daemon:/dev                                                                             /null:/sbin/nologin
    
36. usbmuxd:x:113:113:usbmuxd user:/:/sbin/nologin
    
37. geoclue:x:992:986:User for geoclue:/var/lib/geoclue:/sbin/nologin
    
38. setroubleshoot:x:991:985::/var/lib/setroubleshoot:/sbin/nologin
    
39. saned:x:990:984:SANE scanner daemon user:/usr/share/sane:/sbin/nologin
    
40. gdm:x:42:42::/var/lib/gdm:/sbin/nologin
    
41. gnome-initial-setup:x:989:983::/run/gnome-initial-setup/:/sbin/nologin
    
42. sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:/var/empty/sshd:/sbin/nologin
    
43. avahi:x:70:70:Avahi mDNS/DNS-SD Stack:/var/run/avahi-daemon:/sbin/nologin
    
44. postfix:x:89:89::/var/spool/postfix:/sbin/nologin
    
45. ntp:x:38:38::/etc/ntp:/sbin/nologin
    
46. tcpdump:x:72:72::/:/sbin/nologin
    
47. student:x:1000:1000:student:/home/student:/bin/bash
    
48. sssd:x:988:982:User for sssd:/:/sbin/nologin
    
49. [root@desktop3 ~]# su - student
    
50. Last login: Sat Jun 29 06:20:38 CST 2019 on :0
    
51. [student@desktop3 ~]$ ls
    
52. Desktop  Documents  Downloads  Music  Pictures  Public  Templates  Videos
    
53. [student@desktop3 ~]$ ls -ld *
    
54. drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 6 Jun 29 06:20 Desktop
    
55. drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 6 Jun 29 06:20 Documents
    
56. drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 6 Jun 29 06:20 Downloads
    
57. drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 6 Jun 29 06:20 Music
    
58. drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 6 Jun 29 06:20 Pictures
    
59. drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 6 Jun 29 06:20 Public
    
60. drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 6 Jun 29 06:20 Templates
    
61. drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 6 Jun 29 06:20 Videos
    
62. [student@desktop3 ~]$ exit
    
63. logout
    
64. [root@desktop3 ~]# cd /var/spool/
    
65. [root@desktop3 spool]# cd mail/
    
66. [root@desktop3 mail]# ls
    
67. rpc  student
    
68. [root@desktop3 mail]# ls -l
    
69. total 0
    
70. -rw-rw----. 1 rpc     mail 0 Jun 29 05:54 rpc
    
71. -rw-rw----. 1 student mail 0 Jun 29 06:20 student
    
72. [root@desktop3 mail]# userdel student
    
73. [root@desktop3 mail]# cat /etc/passwd
    
74. root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
    
75. bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin
    
76. daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin
    
77. adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin
    
78. lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin
    
79. sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync
    
80. shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown
    
81. halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt
    
82. mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin
    
83. operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin
    
84. games:x:12:100:games:/usr/games:/sbin/nologin
    
85. ftp:x:14:50:FTP User:/var/ftp:/sbin/nologin
    
86. nobody:x:99:99:Nobody:/:/sbin/nologin
    
87. systemd-network:x:192:192:systemd Network Management:/:/sbin/nologin
    
88. dbus:x:81:81:System message bus:/:/sbin/nologin
    
89. polkitd:x:999:998:User for polkitd:/:/sbin/nologin
    
90. libstoragemgmt:x:998:996:daemon account for libstoragemgmt:/var/run/lsm:/sbin/no                                                                             login
    
91. colord:x:997:995:User for colord:/var/lib/colord:/sbin/nologin
    
92. rpc:x:32:32:Rpcbind Daemon:/var/lib/rpcbind:/sbin/nologin
    
93. saslauth:x:996:76:Saslauthd user:/run/saslauthd:/sbin/nologin
    
94. abrt:x:173:173::/etc/abrt:/sbin/nologin
    
95. rtkit:x:172:172:RealtimeKit:/proc:/sbin/nologin
    
96. pulse:x:171:171:PulseAudio System Daemon:/var/run/pulse:/sbin/nologin
    
97. chrony:x:995:990::/var/lib/chrony:/sbin/nologin
    
98. radvd:x:75:75:radvd user:/:/sbin/nologin
    
99. rpcuser:x:29:29:RPC Service User:/var/lib/nfs:/sbin/nologin
    
100. nfsnobody:x:65534:65534:Anonymous NFS User:/var/lib/nfs:/sbin/nologin
     
101. unbound:x:994:989:Unbound DNS resolver:/etc/unbound:/sbin/nologin
     
102. gluster:x:993:988:GlusterFS daemons:/run/gluster:/sbin/nologin
     
103. qemu:x:107:107:qemu user:/:/sbin/nologin
     
104. tss:x:59:59:Account used by the trousers package to sandbox the tcsd daemon:/dev                                                                             /null:/sbin/nologin
     
105. usbmuxd:x:113:113:usbmuxd user:/:/sbin/nologin
     
106. geoclue:x:992:986:User for geoclue:/var/lib/geoclue:/sbin/nologin
     
107. setroubleshoot:x:991:985::/var/lib/setroubleshoot:/sbin/nologin
     
108. saned:x:990:984:SANE scanner daemon user:/usr/share/sane:/sbin/nologin
     
109. gdm:x:42:42::/var/lib/gdm:/sbin/nologin
     
110. gnome-initial-setup:x:989:983::/run/gnome-initial-setup/:/sbin/nologin
     
111. sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:/var/empty/sshd:/sbin/nologin
     
112. avahi:x:70:70:Avahi mDNS/DNS-SD Stack:/var/run/avahi-daemon:/sbin/nologin
     
113. postfix:x:89:89::/var/spool/postfix:/sbin/nologin
     
114. ntp:x:38:38::/etc/ntp:/sbin/nologin
     
115. tcpdump:x:72:72::/:/sbin/nologin
     
116. sssd:x:988:982:User for sssd:/:/sbin/nologin
     
117. [root@desktop3 mail]# cd /home/
     
118. [root@desktop3 home]# cd student/
     
119. [root@desktop3 student]# pwd
     
120. /home/student
     
121. [root@desktop3 student]# ls -ld *
     
122. drwxr-xr-x. 2 1000 1000 6 Jun 29 06:20 Desktop
     
123. drwxr-xr-x. 2 1000 1000 6 Jun 29 06:20 Documents
     
124. drwxr-xr-x. 2 1000 1000 6 Jun 29 06:20 Downloads
     
125. drwxr-xr-x. 2 1000 1000 6 Jun 29 06:20 Music
     
126. drwxr-xr-x. 2 1000 1000 6 Jun 29 06:20 Pictures
     
127. drwxr-xr-x. 2 1000 1000 6 Jun 29 06:20 Public
     
128. drwxr-xr-x. 2 1000 1000 6 Jun 29 06:20 Templates
     
129. drwxr-xr-x. 2 1000 1000 6 Jun 29 06:20 Videos
     
130. [root@desktop3 student]# cd /var/spool/
     
131. [root@desktop3 spool]# cd mail/
     
132. [root@desktop3 mail]# ls
     
133. rpc  student
     
134. [root@desktop3 mail]# ls -l
     
135. total 0
     
136. -rw-rw----. 1 rpc  mail 0 Jun 29 05:54 rpc
     
137. -rw-rw----. 1 1000 mail 0 Jun 29 06:20 student
     
138. [root@desktop3 mail]# cd /
     
139. [root@desktop3 /]# find / -nouser -o -nogroup
     
140. find: ‘/proc/65645/task/65645/fd/5’: No such file or directory
     
141. find: ‘/proc/65645/task/65645/fdinfo/5’: No such file or directory
     
142. find: ‘/proc/65645/fd/6’: No such file or directory
     
143. find: ‘/proc/65645/fdinfo/6’: No such file or directory
     
144. /var/spool/mail/student
     
145. /home/student
     
146. /home/student/.mozilla
     
147. /home/student/.mozilla/extensions
     
148. /home/student/.mozilla/plugins
     
149. /home/student/.bash_logout
     
150. /home/student/.bash_profile
     
151. /home/student/.bashrc
     
152. /home/student/.cache
     
153. /home/student/.cache/gdm
     
154. /home/student/.cache/gdm/session.log
     
155. /home/student/.cache/imsettings
     
156. /home/student/.cache/imsettings/log
     
157. /home/student/.cache/libgweather
     
158. /home/student/.cache/evolution
     
159. /home/student/.cache/evolution/addressbook
     
160. /home/student/.cache/evolution/addressbook/trash
     
161. /home/student/.cache/evolution/calendar
     
162. /home/student/.cache/evolution/calendar/trash
     
163. /home/student/.cache/evolution/mail
     
164. /home/student/.cache/evolution/mail/trash
     
165. /home/student/.cache/evolution/memos
     
166. /home/student/.cache/evolution/memos/trash
     
167. /home/student/.cache/evolution/sources
     
168. /home/student/.cache/evolution/sources/trash
     
169. /home/student/.cache/evolution/tasks
     
170. /home/student/.cache/evolution/tasks/trash
     
171. /home/student/.cache/gnome-shell
     
172. /home/student/.cache/gnome-shell/update-check-3.28
     
173. /home/student/.cache/event-sound-cache.tdb.8b1775a78c084eb8bdd8106aea565d4e.x86_                                                                             64-redhat-linux-gnu
     
174. /home/student/.cache/tracker
     
175. /home/student/.cache/tracker/db-version.txt
     
176. /home/student/.cache/tracker/meta.db
     
177. /home/student/.cache/tracker/db-locale.txt
     
178. /home/student/.cache/tracker/meta.db-wal
     
179. /home/student/.cache/tracker/meta.db-shm
     
180. /home/student/.cache/tracker/ontologies.gvdb
     
181. /home/student/.cache/tracker/parser-sha1.txt
     
182. /home/student/.cache/tracker/locale-for-miner-user-guides.txt
     
183. /home/student/.cache/tracker/locale-for-miner-apps.txt
     
184. /home/student/.cache/tracker/last-crawl.txt
     
185. /home/student/.cache/tracker/first-index.txt
     
186. /home/student/.cache/abrt
     
187. /home/student/.cache/abrt/applet_dirlist
     
188. /home/student/.cache/abrt/lastnotification
     
189. /home/student/.cache/yelp
     
190. /home/student/.cache/yelp/WebKitCache
     
191. /home/student/.cache/yelp/WebKitCache/Version 12
     
192. /home/student/.cache/yelp/WebKitCache/Version 12/salt
     
193. /home/student/.cache/yelp/WebKitCache/Version 12/Blobs
     
194. /home/student/.cache/media-art
     
195. /home/student/.cache/gstreamer-1.0
     
196. /home/student/.cache/gstreamer-1.0/registry.x86_64.bin
     
197. /home/student/.cache/flatpak
     
198. /home/student/.cache/flatpak/system-cache
     
199. /home/student/.cache/gnome-software
     
200. /home/student/.cache/gnome-software/shell-extensions
     
201. /home/student/.cache/gnome-software/odrs
     
202. /home/student/.dbus
     
203. /home/student/.dbus/session-bus
     
204. /home/student/.dbus/session-bus/8b1775a78c084eb8bdd8106aea565d4e-0
     
205. /home/student/.config
     
206. /home/student/.config/imsettings
     
207. /home/student/.config/gnome-session
     
208. /home/student/.config/gnome-session/saved-session
     
209. /home/student/.config/gnome-initial-setup-done
     
210. /home/student/.config/dconf
     
211. /home/student/.config/dconf/user
     
212. /home/student/.config/goa-1.0
     
213. /home/student/.config/pulse
     
214. /home/student/.config/pulse/8b1775a78c084eb8bdd8106aea565d4e-device-volumes.tdb
     
215. /home/student/.config/pulse/8b1775a78c084eb8bdd8106aea565d4e-stream-volumes.tdb
     
216. /home/student/.config/pulse/8b1775a78c084eb8bdd8106aea565d4e-card-database.tdb
     
217. /home/student/.config/pulse/cookie
     
218. /home/student/.config/pulse/8b1775a78c084eb8bdd8106aea565d4e-default-sink
     
219. /home/student/.config/pulse/8b1775a78c084eb8bdd8106aea565d4e-default-source
     
220. /home/student/.config/ibus
     
221. /home/student/.config/ibus/bus
     
222. /home/student/.config/ibus/bus/8b1775a78c084eb8bdd8106aea565d4e-unix-0
     
223. /home/student/.config/evolution
     
224. /home/student/.config/evolution/sources
     
225. /home/student/.config/evolution/sources/system-proxy.source
     
226. /home/student/.config/user-dirs.dirs
     
227. /home/student/.config/user-dirs.locale
     
228. /home/student/.config/gconf
     
229. /home/student/.config/gtk-3.0
     
230. /home/student/.config/gtk-3.0/bookmarks
     
231. /home/student/.config/yelp
     
232. /home/student/.config/yelp/yelp.cfg
     
233. /home/student/.config/nautilus
     
234. /home/student/.config/nautilus/desktop-metadata
     
235. /home/student/.config/abrt
     
236. /home/student/.config/gtk-4.0
     
237. /home/student/.config/autostart
     
238. /home/student/.ICEauthority
     
239. /home/student/.local
     
240. /home/student/.local/share
     
241. /home/student/.local/share/gvfs-metadata
     
242. /home/student/.local/share/gvfs-metadata/root
     
243. /home/student/.local/share/gvfs-metadata/home
     
244. /home/student/.local/share/gvfs-metadata/root-5d054d29.log
     
245. /home/student/.local/share/gvfs-metadata/home-645feef8.log
     
246. /home/student/.local/share/keyrings
     
247. /home/student/.local/share/keyrings/login.keyring
     
248. /home/student/.local/share/keyrings/user.keystore
     
249. /home/student/.local/share/gnome-shell
     
250. /home/student/.local/share/evolution
     
251. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/addressbook
     
252. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/addressbook/trash
     
253. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/addressbook/system
     
254. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/addressbook/system/contacts.db
     
255. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/addressbook/system/photos
     
256. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/calendar
     
257. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/calendar/trash
     
258. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/calendar/system
     
259. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/calendar/system/calendar.ics
     
260. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/mail
     
261. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/mail/trash
     
262. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/memos
     
263. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/memos/trash
     
264. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/tasks
     
265. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/tasks/trash
     
266. /home/student/.local/share/telepathy
     
267. /home/student/.local/share/telepathy/mission-control
     
268. /home/student/.local/share/telepathy/mission-control/accounts.cfg
     
269. /home/student/.local/share/telepathy/mission-control/accounts-goa.cfg
     
270. /home/student/.local/share/sounds
     
271. /home/student/.local/share/gsettings-data-convert
     
272. /home/student/.local/share/applications
     
273. /home/student/.local/share/icc
     
274. /home/student/.local/share/gnome-settings-daemon
     
275. /home/student/.local/share/gnome-settings-daemon/input-sources-converted
     
276. /home/student/.local/share/tracker
     
277. /home/student/.local/share/tracker/data
     
278. /home/student/.local/share/tracker/data/tracker-store.journal
     
279. /home/student/.local/share/tracker/data/tracker-store.ontology.journal
     
280. /home/student/.local/share/webkitgtk
     
281. /home/student/.local/share/webkitgtk/localstorage
     
282. /home/student/.local/share/nautilus
     
283. /home/student/.local/share/nautilus/scripts
     
284. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak
     
285. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak/db
     
286. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak/repo
     
287. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak/repo/config
     
288. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak/repo/tmp
     
289. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak/repo/tmp/cache
     
290. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak/repo/extensions
     
291. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak/repo/state
     
292. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak/repo/refs
     
293. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak/repo/refs/heads
     
294. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak/repo/refs/mirrors
     
295. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak/repo/refs/remotes
     
296. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak/repo/objects
     
297. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak/.changed
     
298. /home/student/.local/share/recently-used.xbel
     
299. /home/student/.esd_auth
     
300. /home/student/Desktop
     
301. /home/student/Downloads
     
302. /home/student/Templates
     
303. /home/student/Public
     
304. /home/student/Documents
     
305. /home/student/Music
     
306. /home/student/Pictures
     
307. /home/student/Videos
     
308. /home/student/.bash_history
     
309. [root@desktop3 /]#
     

复制代码

1. [root@desktop3 /]# find / -nouser  -nogroup
   
2. find: ‘/proc/65894/task/65894/fd/5’: No such file or directory
   
3. find: ‘/proc/65894/task/65894/fdinfo/5’: No such file or directory
   
4. find: ‘/proc/65894/fd/6’: No such file or directory
   
5. find: ‘/proc/65894/fdinfo/6’: No such file or directory
   
6. /home/student
   
7. /home/student/.mozilla
   
8. /home/student/.mozilla/extensions
   
9. /home/student/.mozilla/plugins
   
10. /home/student/.bash_logout
    
11. /home/student/.bash_profile
    
12. /home/student/.bashrc
    
13. /home/student/.cache
    
14. /home/student/.cache/gdm
    
15. /home/student/.cache/gdm/session.log
    
16. /home/student/.cache/imsettings
    
17. /home/student/.cache/imsettings/log
    
18. /home/student/.cache/libgweather
    
19. /home/student/.cache/evolution
    
20. /home/student/.cache/evolution/addressbook
    
21. /home/student/.cache/evolution/addressbook/trash
    
22. /home/student/.cache/evolution/calendar
    
23. /home/student/.cache/evolution/calendar/trash
    
24. /home/student/.cache/evolution/mail
    
25. /home/student/.cache/evolution/mail/trash
    
26. /home/student/.cache/evolution/memos
    
27. /home/student/.cache/evolution/memos/trash
    
28. /home/student/.cache/evolution/sources
    
29. /home/student/.cache/evolution/sources/trash
    
30. /home/student/.cache/evolution/tasks
    
31. /home/student/.cache/evolution/tasks/trash
    
32. /home/student/.cache/gnome-shell
    
33. /home/student/.cache/gnome-shell/update-check-3.28
    
34. /home/student/.cache/event-sound-cache.tdb.8b1775a78c084eb8bdd8106aea565d4e.x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu
    
35. /home/student/.cache/tracker
    
36. /home/student/.cache/tracker/db-version.txt
    
37. /home/student/.cache/tracker/meta.db
    
38. /home/student/.cache/tracker/db-locale.txt
    
39. /home/student/.cache/tracker/meta.db-wal
    
40. /home/student/.cache/tracker/meta.db-shm
    
41. /home/student/.cache/tracker/ontologies.gvdb
    
42. /home/student/.cache/tracker/parser-sha1.txt
    
43. /home/student/.cache/tracker/locale-for-miner-user-guides.txt
    
44. /home/student/.cache/tracker/locale-for-miner-apps.txt
    
45. /home/student/.cache/tracker/last-crawl.txt
    
46. /home/student/.cache/tracker/first-index.txt
    
47. /home/student/.cache/abrt
    
48. /home/student/.cache/abrt/applet_dirlist
    
49. /home/student/.cache/abrt/lastnotification
    
50. /home/student/.cache/yelp
    
51. /home/student/.cache/yelp/WebKitCache
    
52. /home/student/.cache/yelp/WebKitCache/Version 12
    
53. /home/student/.cache/yelp/WebKitCache/Version 12/salt
    
54. /home/student/.cache/yelp/WebKitCache/Version 12/Blobs
    
55. /home/student/.cache/media-art
    
56. /home/student/.cache/gstreamer-1.0
    
57. /home/student/.cache/gstreamer-1.0/registry.x86_64.bin
    
58. /home/student/.cache/flatpak
    
59. /home/student/.cache/flatpak/system-cache
    
60. /home/student/.cache/gnome-software
    
61. /home/student/.cache/gnome-software/shell-extensions
    
62. /home/student/.cache/gnome-software/odrs
    
63. /home/student/.dbus
    
64. /home/student/.dbus/session-bus
    
65. /home/student/.dbus/session-bus/8b1775a78c084eb8bdd8106aea565d4e-0
    
66. /home/student/.config
    
67. /home/student/.config/imsettings
    
68. /home/student/.config/gnome-session
    
69. /home/student/.config/gnome-session/saved-session
    
70. /home/student/.config/gnome-initial-setup-done
    
71. /home/student/.config/dconf
    
72. /home/student/.config/dconf/user
    
73. /home/student/.config/goa-1.0
    
74. /home/student/.config/pulse
    
75. /home/student/.config/pulse/8b1775a78c084eb8bdd8106aea565d4e-device-volumes.tdb
    
76. /home/student/.config/pulse/8b1775a78c084eb8bdd8106aea565d4e-stream-volumes.tdb
    
77. /home/student/.config/pulse/8b1775a78c084eb8bdd8106aea565d4e-card-database.tdb
    
78. /home/student/.config/pulse/cookie
    
79. /home/student/.config/pulse/8b1775a78c084eb8bdd8106aea565d4e-default-sink
    
80. /home/student/.config/pulse/8b1775a78c084eb8bdd8106aea565d4e-default-source
    
81. /home/student/.config/ibus
    
82. /home/student/.config/ibus/bus
    
83. /home/student/.config/ibus/bus/8b1775a78c084eb8bdd8106aea565d4e-unix-0
    
84. /home/student/.config/evolution
    
85. /home/student/.config/evolution/sources
    
86. /home/student/.config/evolution/sources/system-proxy.source
    
87. /home/student/.config/user-dirs.dirs
    
88. /home/student/.config/user-dirs.locale
    
89. /home/student/.config/gconf
    
90. /home/student/.config/gtk-3.0
    
91. /home/student/.config/gtk-3.0/bookmarks
    
92. /home/student/.config/yelp
    
93. /home/student/.config/yelp/yelp.cfg
    
94. /home/student/.config/nautilus
    
95. /home/student/.config/nautilus/desktop-metadata
    
96. /home/student/.config/abrt
    
97. /home/student/.config/gtk-4.0
    
98. /home/student/.config/autostart
    
99. /home/student/.ICEauthority
    
100. /home/student/.local
     
101. /home/student/.local/share
     
102. /home/student/.local/share/gvfs-metadata
     
103. /home/student/.local/share/gvfs-metadata/root
     
104. /home/student/.local/share/gvfs-metadata/home
     
105. /home/student/.local/share/gvfs-metadata/root-5d054d29.log
     
106. /home/student/.local/share/gvfs-metadata/home-645feef8.log
     
107. /home/student/.local/share/keyrings
     
108. /home/student/.local/share/keyrings/login.keyring
     
109. /home/student/.local/share/keyrings/user.keystore
     
110. /home/student/.local/share/gnome-shell
     
111. /home/student/.local/share/evolution
     
112. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/addressbook
     
113. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/addressbook/trash
     
114. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/addressbook/system
     
115. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/addressbook/system/contacts.db
     
116. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/addressbook/system/photos
     
117. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/calendar
     
118. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/calendar/trash
     
119. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/calendar/system
     
120. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/calendar/system/calendar.ics
     
121. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/mail
     
122. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/mail/trash
     
123. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/memos
     
124. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/memos/trash
     
125. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/tasks
     
126. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/tasks/trash
     
127. /home/student/.local/share/telepathy
     
128. /home/student/.local/share/telepathy/mission-control
     
129. /home/student/.local/share/telepathy/mission-control/accounts.cfg
     
130. /home/student/.local/share/telepathy/mission-control/accounts-goa.cfg
     
131. /home/student/.local/share/sounds
     
132. /home/student/.local/share/gsettings-data-convert
     
133. /home/student/.local/share/applications
     
134. /home/student/.local/share/icc
     
135. /home/student/.local/share/gnome-settings-daemon
     
136. /home/student/.local/share/gnome-settings-daemon/input-sources-converted
     
137. /home/student/.local/share/tracker
     
138. /home/student/.local/share/tracker/data
     
139. /home/student/.local/share/tracker/data/tracker-store.journal
     
140. /home/student/.local/share/tracker/data/tracker-store.ontology.journal
     
141. /home/student/.local/share/webkitgtk
     
142. /home/student/.local/share/webkitgtk/localstorage
     
143. /home/student/.local/share/nautilus
     
144. /home/student/.local/share/nautilus/scripts
     
145. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak
     
146. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak/db
     
147. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak/repo
     
148. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak/repo/config
     
149. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak/repo/tmp
     
150. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak/repo/tmp/cache
     
151. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak/repo/extensions
     
152. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak/repo/state
     
153. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak/repo/refs
     
154. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak/repo/refs/heads
     
155. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak/repo/refs/mirrors
     
156. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak/repo/refs/remotes
     
157. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak/repo/objects
     
158. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak/.changed
     
159. /home/student/.local/share/recently-used.xbel
     
160. /home/student/.esd_auth
     
161. /home/student/Desktop
     
162. /home/student/Downloads
     
163. /home/student/Templates
     
164. /home/student/Public
     
165. /home/student/Documents
     
166. /home/student/Music
     
167. /home/student/Pictures
     
168. /home/student/Videos
     
169. /home/student/.bash_history
     
170. [root@desktop3 /]# find / -nouser -a  -nogroup
     
171. find: ‘/proc/65936/task/65936/fd/5’: No such file or directory
     
172. find: ‘/proc/65936/task/65936/fdinfo/5’: No such file or directory
     
173. find: ‘/proc/65936/fd/6’: No such file or directory
     
174. find: ‘/proc/65936/fdinfo/6’: No such file or directory
     
175. /home/student
     
176. /home/student/.mozilla
     
177. /home/student/.mozilla/extensions
     
178. /home/student/.mozilla/plugins
     
179. /home/student/.bash_logout
     
180. /home/student/.bash_profile
     
181. /home/student/.bashrc
     
182. /home/student/.cache
     
183. /home/student/.cache/gdm
     
184. /home/student/.cache/gdm/session.log
     
185. /home/student/.cache/imsettings
     
186. /home/student/.cache/imsettings/log
     
187. /home/student/.cache/libgweather
     
188. /home/student/.cache/evolution
     
189. /home/student/.cache/evolution/addressbook
     
190. /home/student/.cache/evolution/addressbook/trash
     
191. /home/student/.cache/evolution/calendar
     
192. /home/student/.cache/evolution/calendar/trash
     
193. /home/student/.cache/evolution/mail
     
194. /home/student/.cache/evolution/mail/trash
     
195. /home/student/.cache/evolution/memos
     
196. /home/student/.cache/evolution/memos/trash
     
197. /home/student/.cache/evolution/sources
     
198. /home/student/.cache/evolution/sources/trash
     
199. /home/student/.cache/evolution/tasks
     
200. /home/student/.cache/evolution/tasks/trash
     
201. /home/student/.cache/gnome-shell
     
202. /home/student/.cache/gnome-shell/update-check-3.28
     
203. /home/student/.cache/event-sound-cache.tdb.8b1775a78c084eb8bdd8106aea565d4e.x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu
     
204. /home/student/.cache/tracker
     
205. /home/student/.cache/tracker/db-version.txt
     
206. /home/student/.cache/tracker/meta.db
     
207. /home/student/.cache/tracker/db-locale.txt
     
208. /home/student/.cache/tracker/meta.db-wal
     
209. /home/student/.cache/tracker/meta.db-shm
     
210. /home/student/.cache/tracker/ontologies.gvdb
     
211. /home/student/.cache/tracker/parser-sha1.txt
     
212. /home/student/.cache/tracker/locale-for-miner-user-guides.txt
     
213. /home/student/.cache/tracker/locale-for-miner-apps.txt
     
214. /home/student/.cache/tracker/last-crawl.txt
     
215. /home/student/.cache/tracker/first-index.txt
     
216. /home/student/.cache/abrt
     
217. /home/student/.cache/abrt/applet_dirlist
     
218. /home/student/.cache/abrt/lastnotification
     
219. /home/student/.cache/yelp
     
220. /home/student/.cache/yelp/WebKitCache
     
221. /home/student/.cache/yelp/WebKitCache/Version 12
     
222. /home/student/.cache/yelp/WebKitCache/Version 12/salt
     
223. /home/student/.cache/yelp/WebKitCache/Version 12/Blobs
     
224. /home/student/.cache/media-art
     
225. /home/student/.cache/gstreamer-1.0
     
226. /home/student/.cache/gstreamer-1.0/registry.x86_64.bin
     
227. /home/student/.cache/flatpak
     
228. /home/student/.cache/flatpak/system-cache
     
229. /home/student/.cache/gnome-software
     
230. /home/student/.cache/gnome-software/shell-extensions
     
231. /home/student/.cache/gnome-software/odrs
     
232. /home/student/.dbus
     
233. /home/student/.dbus/session-bus
     
234. /home/student/.dbus/session-bus/8b1775a78c084eb8bdd8106aea565d4e-0
     
235. /home/student/.config
     
236. /home/student/.config/imsettings
     
237. /home/student/.config/gnome-session
     
238. /home/student/.config/gnome-session/saved-session
     
239. /home/student/.config/gnome-initial-setup-done
     
240. /home/student/.config/dconf
     
241. /home/student/.config/dconf/user
     
242. /home/student/.config/goa-1.0
     
243. /home/student/.config/pulse
     
244. /home/student/.config/pulse/8b1775a78c084eb8bdd8106aea565d4e-device-volumes.tdb
     
245. /home/student/.config/pulse/8b1775a78c084eb8bdd8106aea565d4e-stream-volumes.tdb
     
246. /home/student/.config/pulse/8b1775a78c084eb8bdd8106aea565d4e-card-database.tdb
     
247. /home/student/.config/pulse/cookie
     
248. /home/student/.config/pulse/8b1775a78c084eb8bdd8106aea565d4e-default-sink
     
249. /home/student/.config/pulse/8b1775a78c084eb8bdd8106aea565d4e-default-source
     
250. /home/student/.config/ibus
     
251. /home/student/.config/ibus/bus
     
252. /home/student/.config/ibus/bus/8b1775a78c084eb8bdd8106aea565d4e-unix-0
     
253. /home/student/.config/evolution
     
254. /home/student/.config/evolution/sources
     
255. /home/student/.config/evolution/sources/system-proxy.source
     
256. /home/student/.config/user-dirs.dirs
     
257. /home/student/.config/user-dirs.locale
     
258. /home/student/.config/gconf
     
259. /home/student/.config/gtk-3.0
     
260. /home/student/.config/gtk-3.0/bookmarks
     
261. /home/student/.config/yelp
     
262. /home/student/.config/yelp/yelp.cfg
     
263. /home/student/.config/nautilus
     
264. /home/student/.config/nautilus/desktop-metadata
     
265. /home/student/.config/abrt
     
266. /home/student/.config/gtk-4.0
     
267. /home/student/.config/autostart
     
268. /home/student/.ICEauthority
     
269. /home/student/.local
     
270. /home/student/.local/share
     
271. /home/student/.local/share/gvfs-metadata
     
272. /home/student/.local/share/gvfs-metadata/root
     
273. /home/student/.local/share/gvfs-metadata/home
     
274. /home/student/.local/share/gvfs-metadata/root-5d054d29.log
     
275. /home/student/.local/share/gvfs-metadata/home-645feef8.log
     
276. /home/student/.local/share/keyrings
     
277. /home/student/.local/share/keyrings/login.keyring
     
278. /home/student/.local/share/keyrings/user.keystore
     
279. /home/student/.local/share/gnome-shell
     
280. /home/student/.local/share/evolution
     
281. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/addressbook
     
282. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/addressbook/trash
     
283. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/addressbook/system
     
284. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/addressbook/system/contacts.db
     
285. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/addressbook/system/photos
     
286. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/calendar
     
287. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/calendar/trash
     
288. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/calendar/system
     
289. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/calendar/system/calendar.ics
     
290. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/mail
     
291. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/mail/trash
     
292. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/memos
     
293. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/memos/trash
     
294. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/tasks
     
295. /home/student/.local/share/evolution/tasks/trash
     
296. /home/student/.local/share/telepathy
     
297. /home/student/.local/share/telepathy/mission-control
     
298. /home/student/.local/share/telepathy/mission-control/accounts.cfg
     
299. /home/student/.local/share/telepathy/mission-control/accounts-goa.cfg
     
300. /home/student/.local/share/sounds
     
301. /home/student/.local/share/gsettings-data-convert
     
302. /home/student/.local/share/applications
     
303. /home/student/.local/share/icc
     
304. /home/student/.local/share/gnome-settings-daemon
     
305. /home/student/.local/share/gnome-settings-daemon/input-sources-converted
     
306. /home/student/.local/share/tracker
     
307. /home/student/.local/share/tracker/data
     
308. /home/student/.local/share/tracker/data/tracker-store.journal
     
309. /home/student/.local/share/tracker/data/tracker-store.ontology.journal
     
310. /home/student/.local/share/webkitgtk
     
311. /home/student/.local/share/webkitgtk/localstorage
     
312. /home/student/.local/share/nautilus
     
313. /home/student/.local/share/nautilus/scripts
     
314. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak
     
315. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak/db
     
316. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak/repo
     
317. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak/repo/config
     
318. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak/repo/tmp
     
319. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak/repo/tmp/cache
     
320. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak/repo/extensions
     
321. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak/repo/state
     
322. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak/repo/refs
     
323. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak/repo/refs/heads
     
324. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak/repo/refs/mirrors
     
325. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak/repo/refs/remotes
     
326. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak/repo/objects
     
327. /home/student/.local/share/flatpak/.changed
     
328. /home/student/.local/share/recently-used.xbel
     
329. /home/student/.esd_auth
     
330. /home/student/Desktop
     
331. /home/student/Downloads
     
332. /home/student/Templates
     
333. /home/student/Public
     
334. /home/student/Documents
     
335. /home/student/Music
     
336. /home/student/Pictures
     
337. /home/student/Videos
     
338. /home/student/.bash_history
     
339. [root@desktop3 /]#
     

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------------------------------------------------------

1. [root@desktop3 labs]# ls -l
   
2. total 0
   
3. -rwxrw-r--. 1 root root 0 Aug 13 20:19 file1
   
4. --wx-w-r--. 1 root root 0 Aug 13 20:20 file2
   
5. -r--r---w-. 1 root root 0 Aug 13 20:20 file3
   
6. -rwxrwxr--. 1 root root 0 Aug 13 20:21 file4
   
7. -rwxrwx-w-. 1 root root 0 Aug 13 20:21 file5
   

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1. find ./ -perm /777
   

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以上命令表示三科任何一科满足都行，其中7表示每科中（r,w,x）任何一个权限满足都行。
/代表两层“any”的含义，所以7代表“any”
-代表“all”，所以0代表“any”

1. [root@desktop3 labs]# ls
   
2. file1  file2  file3  file4  file5  file6  file7
   
3. [root@desktop3 labs]# find ./ -perm -4000   -o   -2000
   
4. find: unknown predicate `-2000'
   
5. [root@desktop3 labs]# find ./ -perm -4000   -o  -perm  -2000
   
6. ./file6
   
7. ./file7
   
8. [root@desktop3 labs]# find ./ -perm -4000    -perm  -2000
   
9. [root@desktop3 labs]# find ./ -perm -4000  -o  -perm  -2000
   
10. ./file6
    
11. ./file7
    
12. [root@desktop3 labs]# find ./ -perm 4000  -o  -perm  2000
    
13. [root@desktop3 labs]# find ./ -perm /4000  -o  -perm  /2000
    
14. ./file6
    
15. ./file7
    
16. [root@desktop3 labs]# find ./ -perm -4000  -o  -perm  -2000
    
17. ./file6
    
18. ./file7
    
19. [root@desktop3 labs]# find ./ -perm /4777  -o  -perm  /2777
    
20. ./
    
21. ./file1
    
22. ./file2
    
23. ./file3
    
24. ./file4
    
25. ./file5
    
26. ./file6
    
27. ./file7
    
28. [root@desktop3 labs]#
    

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1. #
   
2. # /etc/fstab
   
3. # Created by anaconda on Fri Jun 28 17:51:42 2019
   
4. #
   
5. # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
   
6. # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
   
7. #
   
8. /dev/mapper/rhel-root   /                       xfs     defaults        0 0
   
9. UUID=cae2eaaa-59ea-4c63-9c87-8e5358b6d9ac /boot                   xfs     defaults        0 0
   
10. /dev/mapper/rhel-swap   swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
    
11. /dev/sdb2               swap                    swap    defaults       0 0
    
12. LABEL="ext4_label"    /mnt                    ext4    defaults   0 0
    
13. /root/swapfile        swap                   swap     defaults   0 0
    
14. tmpfs                    /dev/shm              tmpfs      size=1200M  0 0
    
15. ~
    

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